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本文试图提出一个二语加工新模式：可及性-复杂性-效率模式。西方学者提出的二语习得和加工模式，如Slabakova提出瓶颈假设和Clahsen等人提出的浅结构假设，有时无法解释汉语二语习得和加工的过程和结果。可及性-复杂性-效率模式的三个成分，即可及性、复杂性和效率，三个成分之间相互作用、相互影响。首先，二语加工追求效率，是以效率驱动的，语言局部复杂性影响语言可及性，而可及性又影响二语加工的效率，提高可及性是提高二语加工效率的前提。其次，不同语言表现出不同的语言局部复杂性模式，汉语与西方语言(如英语和法语等)的重要差异之一在于他们表现出不同的语言局部复杂性模式。西方语言的局部复杂性主要表现在功能形态与多层次嵌套结构，而汉语则表现在复杂的语义搭配关系，其句法相对比较简单(如汉语量-名一致结构)。最后，本文引用英语与汉语二语句子加工的实验研究，为这一加工模式提供实验证据。未来需要更多的实验检验这一加工模式的有效性和解释性。
Abstract：The paper intends to propose a new model of second language processing:Accessibility-Complexity-Efficiency Model of Second Language Processing or ACE Model of SLP.The models that the scholars in Western countries proposed such as Slabakova’s Bottleneck Hypothesis and Clahsen and Felser’s Shallow Structure Hypothesis sometimes cannot account for the processes and outcome of Chinese second language acquisition.In terms of three components Accessibility,Complexity and Efficiency,the paper believes that they interact with and influence one another.Firstly second language processing pursues efficiency and is efficiency-driven while linguistic local complexities affect linguistic accessibility which,however,influences the efficiency of second language processing,suggesting that promoting accessibility is a prerequisite for efficiency of second language processing.Secondly,different languages exhibit different patterns of linguistic local complexities.The major discrepancy between Mandarin Chinese and Western languages such as English and French lies at the fact that they exhibit different patterns of linguistic local complexities.The local complexities that Western languages show are functional morphology and multilevel embedding of sentences while Chinese exhibits complicated semantic collocations and relatively simple syntax (for example Chinese classifier system).Finally,the paper quotes experimental studies of English and Chinese as second language processing,thus providing evidence for this model,and suggests that more experiments are needed for viability and interpretability of this model.
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(1) Zhang,D.,Y.Zhang,Y.Wu & H.Zhang.Syntax is prioritized in secong language processing:An ERP study of classifier-noun agreement processing by L2 learners of Mandarin Chinese,Language and Cognition,Under review.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13564/j.cnki.issn.1672-9382.2024.05.010
中图分类号:H09
引用信息:
[1]张辉.二语加工的可及性-复杂性-效率模式：理论提出与实验证据[J].中国外语,2024,21(05):84-96.DOI:10.13564/j.cnki.issn.1672-9382.2024.05.010.
基金信息: