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本文对隐喻持(认知关联)语用观,首先指出,隐喻旨在以"语格、言格"表现"思格",尤其是突显或凸现"为格"。其次讨论了能喻和所喻之间的似是而非问题、喻与非喻问题(刻意和寓意的模糊界限问题),认为,隐喻是话题和能喻之间,或者说喻体和本体之间相似性的一种"看作"表达式,在甲乙相似度大小的张力下取值。使用隐喻是为了"取效"。最后阐述了能喻和所喻匹配的选择性,以及隐喻话题的选择性和含义的选择性。
Abstract：Adopting the view of cognitive-relevant pragmatics of metaphor,the paper first holds that metaphor highlights speaker’s "figure of act" by "figure of thought" via "figure of speech".Next comes the discussion of speciosity of the relation between vehicle and tenor,between metaphor and non-metaphor,and between literal and loose uses,holding that a metaphor is the act of "seeing"A as B in terms of the similarity between topic and vehicle,and that the similarity-difference tension assigns metaphor a certain metaphorical value.Metaphor use is invariably effect-oriented.Finally,the paper expounds the choice-making in the vehicle-tenor pairing,metaphor topic choicemaking,metaphor implication choice-making etc.
②关于能喻和所喻以及翻译,我们采用赵彦春(2011:48,122)的说法。这里不加区分。
③有一篇网文叫“Analysis of Bulldozer”(声称在构建中,下文简称《浅析推土机》),见于以下网页:http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/lexprag/corpus%20data/bulldozer%20discussion%20 and%20%20corpus.doc。
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13564/j.cnki.issn.1672-9382.2013.03.010
中图分类号:H05
引用信息:
[1]侯国金.隐喻的本体论语用观[J].中国外语,2013,10(03):53-58.DOI:10.13564/j.cnki.issn.1672-9382.2013.03.010.
基金信息:
四川外国语大学和国家社科项目“语用翻译学:寓意言谈翻译研究”(sisu201209,12BYY017);; 教育部社科项目“词汇—构式语用学:语用翻译学的第一座桥”(12XJA740008)的前期成果